Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as an Analytical Tool for the Prediction of the Dynamic Charge Acceptance of Lead-Acid Batteries

The subject of this study is test cells extracted from industrially manufactured automotive batteries. Each cell either had a full set plates or reduced, negative-limited plates. With these the predictability dynamic charge acceptance (DCA) by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) investigated. Thereby, DCA was performed according to EN 50342-6:2015 standard. micro cycling approach used for EIS measurements disregard any influencing factors previous usage. During evaluation, Kramers-Kronig (K-K) avoid systematic errors caused violations stationarity, time-invariance linearity. Furthermore, analysis distribution relaxation times (DRT) identify usable equivalent circuit model (ECM) and starting values parameter prediction. For all types layouts, resistance R1, indicating size first/high-frequency semicircle, smaller with higher DCA. According literature, semicircle represents transfer reaction, thus confirming that current-enhancing additives may decrease pore diameter negative electrode.